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---
layout: docs
title: Code
description: Documentation and examples for displaying inline and multiline blocks of code with Bootstrap.
group: content
toc: true
---
## Inline code
Wrap inline snippets of code with `<code>`. Be sure to escape HTML angle brackets.
{% capture example %}
For example, <code>&lt;section&gt;</code> should be wrapped as inline.
{% endcapture %}
{% include example.html content=example %}
## Code blocks
Use `<pre>`s for multiple lines of code. Once again, be sure to escape any angle brackets in the code for proper rendering. You may optionally add the `.pre-scrollable` class, which will set a max-height of 340px and provide a y-axis scrollbar.
{% capture example %}
<pre><code>&lt;p&gt;Sample text here...&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;And another line of sample text here...&lt;/p&gt;
</code></pre>
{% endcapture %}
{% include example.html content=example %}
## Variables
For indicating variables use the `<var>` tag.
{% capture example %}
<var>y</var> = <var>m</var><var>x</var> + <var>b</var>
{% endcapture %}
{% include example.html content=example %}
## User input
Use the `<kbd>` to indicate input that is typically entered via keyboard.
{% capture example %}
To switch directories, type <kbd>cd</kbd> followed by the name of the directory.<br>
To edit settings, press <kbd><kbd>ctrl</kbd> + <kbd>,</kbd></kbd>
{% endcapture %}
{% include example.html content=example %}
## Sample output
For indicating sample output from a program use the `<samp>` tag.
{% capture example %}
<samp>This text is meant to be treated as sample output from a computer program.</samp>
{% endcapture %}
{% include example.html content=example %}

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---
layout: docs
title: Figures
description: Documentation and examples for displaying related images and text with the figure component in Bootstrap.
group: content
---
Anytime you need to display a piece of content—like an image with an optional caption, consider using a `<figure>`.
Use the included `.figure` , `.figure-img` and `.figure-caption` classes to provide some baseline styles for the HTML5 `<figure>` and `<figcaption>` elements. Images in figures have no explicit size, so be sure to add the `.img-fluid` class to your `<img>` to make it responsive.
{% capture example %}
<figure class="figure">
{% include icons/placeholder.svg width="400" height="300" class="figure-img img-fluid rounded" %}
<figcaption class="figure-caption">A caption for the above image.</figcaption>
</figure>
{% endcapture %}
{% include example.html content=example %}
Aligning the figure's caption is easy with our [text utilities]({{ site.baseurl }}/docs/{{ site.docs_version }}/utilities/text/#text-alignment).
{% capture example %}
<figure class="figure">
{% include icons/placeholder.svg width="400" height="300" class="figure-img img-fluid rounded" %}
<figcaption class="figure-caption text-right">A caption for the above image.</figcaption>
</figure>
{% endcapture %}
{% include example.html content=example %}

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---
layout: docs
title: Images
description: Documentation and examples for opting images into responsive behavior (so they never become larger than their parent elements) and add lightweight styles to them—all via classes.
group: content
toc: true
---
## Responsive images
Images in Bootstrap are made responsive with `.img-fluid`. `max-width: 100%;` and `height: auto;` are applied to the image so that it scales with the parent element.
<div class="bd-example">
{% include icons/placeholder.svg width="100%" height="250" class="bd-placeholder-img-lg img-fluid" text="Responsive image" %}
</div>
{% highlight html %}
<img src="..." class="img-fluid" alt="Responsive image">
{% endhighlight %}
{% capture callout %}
##### SVG images and Internet Explorer
In Internet Explorer 10 and 11, SVG images with `.img-fluid` are disproportionately sized. To fix this, add `width: 100%;` or `.w-100` where necessary. This fix improperly sizes other image formats, so Bootstrap doesn't apply it automatically.
{% endcapture %}
{% include callout.html content=callout type="warning" %}
## Image thumbnails
In addition to our [border-radius utilities]({{ site.baseurl }}/docs/{{ site.docs_version }}/utilities/borders/), you can use `.img-thumbnail` to give an image a rounded 1px border appearance.
<div class="bd-example bd-example-images">
{% include icons/placeholder.svg width="200" height="200" class="img-thumbnail" title="A generic square placeholder image with a white border around it, making it resemble a photograph taken with an old instant camera" %}
</div>
{% highlight html %}
<img src="..." alt="..." class="img-thumbnail">
{% endhighlight %}
## Aligning images
Align images with the [helper float classes]({{ site.baseurl }}/docs/{{ site.docs_version }}/utilities/float/) or [text alignment classes]({{ site.baseurl }}/docs/{{ site.docs_version }}/utilities/text/#text-alignment). `block`-level images can be centered using [the `.mx-auto` margin utility class]({{ site.baseurl }}/docs/{{ site.docs_version }}/utilities/spacing/#horizontal-centering).
<div class="bd-example bd-example-images">
{% include icons/placeholder.svg width="200" height="200" class="rounded float-left" %}
{% include icons/placeholder.svg width="200" height="200" class="rounded float-right" %}
</div>
{% highlight html %}
<img src="..." class="rounded float-left" alt="...">
<img src="..." class="rounded float-right" alt="...">
{% endhighlight %}
<div class="bd-example bd-example-images">
{% include icons/placeholder.svg width="200" height="200" class="rounded mx-auto d-block" %}
</div>
{% highlight html %}
<img src="..." class="rounded mx-auto d-block" alt="...">
{% endhighlight %}
<div class="bd-example bd-example-images">
<div class="text-center">
{% include icons/placeholder.svg width="200" height="200" class="rounded" %}
</div>
</div>
{% highlight html %}
<div class="text-center">
<img src="..." class="rounded" alt="...">
</div>
{% endhighlight %}
## Picture
If you are using the `<picture>` element to specify multiple `<source>` elements for a specific `<img>`, make sure to add the `.img-*` classes to the `<img>` and not to the `<picture>` tag.
{% highlight html %}
<picture>
<source srcset="..." type="image/svg+xml">
<img src="..." class="img-fluid img-thumbnail" alt="...">
</picture>
{% endhighlight %}

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---
layout: docs
title: Reboot
description: Reboot, a collection of element-specific CSS changes in a single file, kickstart Bootstrap to provide an elegant, consistent, and simple baseline to build upon.
group: content
redirect_from: "/docs/4.5/content/"
toc: true
---
## Approach
Reboot builds upon Normalize, providing many HTML elements with somewhat opinionated styles using only element selectors. Additional styling is done only with classes. For example, we reboot some `<table>` styles for a simpler baseline and later provide `.table`, `.table-bordered`, and more.
Here are our guidelines and reasons for choosing what to override in Reboot:
- Update some browser default values to use `rem`s instead of `em`s for scalable component spacing.
- Avoid `margin-top`. Vertical margins can collapse, yielding unexpected results. More importantly though, a single direction of `margin` is a simpler mental model.
- For easier scaling across device sizes, block elements should use `rem`s for `margin`s.
- Keep declarations of `font`-related properties to a minimum, using `inherit` whenever possible.
## Page defaults
The `<html>` and `<body>` elements are updated to provide better page-wide defaults. More specifically:
- The `box-sizing` is globally set on every element—including `*::before` and `*::after`, to `border-box`. This ensures that the declared width of element is never exceeded due to padding or border.
- No base `font-size` is declared on the `<html>`, but `16px` is assumed (the browser default). `font-size: 1rem` is applied on the `<body>` for easy responsive type-scaling via media queries while respecting user preferences and ensuring a more accessible approach.
- The `<body>` also sets a global `font-family`, `line-height`, and `text-align`. This is inherited later by some form elements to prevent font inconsistencies.
- For safety, the `<body>` has a declared `background-color`, defaulting to `#fff`.
## Native font stack
The default web fonts (Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, and Arial) have been dropped in Bootstrap 4 and replaced with a "native font stack" for optimum text rendering on every device and OS. Read more about [native font stacks in this *Smashing Magazine* article](https://www.smashingmagazine.com/2015/11/using-system-ui-fonts-practical-guide/).
{% highlight sass %}
$font-family-sans-serif:
// Safari for macOS and iOS (San Francisco)
-apple-system,
// Chrome < 56 for macOS (San Francisco)
BlinkMacSystemFont,
// Windows
"Segoe UI",
// Android
Roboto,
// Basic web fallback
"Helvetica Neue", Arial,
// Linux
"Noto Sans",
// Sans serif fallback
sans-serif,
// Emoji fonts
"Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol", "Noto Color Emoji" !default;
{% endhighlight %}
This `font-family` is applied to the `<body>` and automatically inherited globally throughout Bootstrap. To switch the global `font-family`, update `$font-family-base` and recompile Bootstrap.
## Headings and paragraphs
All heading elementse.g., `<h1>`and `<p>` are reset to have their `margin-top` removed. Headings have `margin-bottom: .5rem` added and paragraphs `margin-bottom: 1rem` for easy spacing.
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Heading</th>
<th>Example</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>
{{ "`<h1></h1>`" | markdownify }}
</td>
<td><span class="h1">h1. Bootstrap heading</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
{{ "`<h2></h2>`" | markdownify }}
</td>
<td><span class="h2">h2. Bootstrap heading</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
{{ "`<h3></h3>`" | markdownify }}
</td>
<td><span class="h3">h3. Bootstrap heading</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
{{ "`<h4></h4>`" | markdownify }}
</td>
<td><span class="h4">h4. Bootstrap heading</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
{{ "`<h5></h5>`" | markdownify }}
</td>
<td><span class="h5">h5. Bootstrap heading</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
{{ "`<h6></h6>`" | markdownify }}
</td>
<td><span class="h6">h6. Bootstrap heading</span></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
## Lists
All lists—`<ul>`, `<ol>`, and `<dl>`—have their `margin-top` removed and a `margin-bottom: 1rem`. Nested lists have no `margin-bottom`.
<div class="bd-example">
{% capture markdown %}
* Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet
* Consectetur adipiscing elit
* Integer molestie lorem at massa
* Facilisis in pretium nisl aliquet
* Nulla volutpat aliquam velit
* Phasellus iaculis neque
* Purus sodales ultricies
* Vestibulum laoreet porttitor sem
* Ac tristique libero volutpat at
* Faucibus porta lacus fringilla vel
* Aenean sit amet erat nunc
* Eget porttitor lorem
1. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet
2. Consectetur adipiscing elit
3. Integer molestie lorem at massa
4. Facilisis in pretium nisl aliquet
5. Nulla volutpat aliquam velit
6. Faucibus porta lacus fringilla vel
7. Aenean sit amet erat nunc
8. Eget porttitor lorem
{% endcapture %}
{{ markdown | markdownify }}
</div>
For simpler styling, clear hierarchy, and better spacing, description lists have updated `margin`s. `<dd>`s reset `margin-left` to `0` and add `margin-bottom: .5rem`. `<dt>`s are **bolded**.
<div class="bd-example">
<dl>
<dt>Description lists</dt>
<dd>A description list is perfect for defining terms.</dd>
<dt>Euismod</dt>
<dd>Vestibulum id ligula porta felis euismod semper eget lacinia odio sem.</dd>
<dd>Donec id elit non mi porta gravida at eget metus.</dd>
<dt>Malesuada porta</dt>
<dd>Etiam porta sem malesuada magna mollis euismod.</dd>
</dl>
</div>
## Preformatted text
The `<pre>` element is reset to remove its `margin-top` and use `rem` units for its `margin-bottom`.
<div class="bd-example">
<pre>
.example-element {
margin-bottom: 1rem;
}
</pre>
</div>
## Tables
Tables are slightly adjusted to style `<caption>`s, collapse borders, and ensure consistent `text-align` throughout. Additional changes for borders, padding, and more come with [the `.table` class]({{ site.baseurl }}/docs/{{ site.docs_version }}/content/tables/).
<div class="bd-example">
<table>
<caption>
This is an example table, and this is its caption to describe the contents.
</caption>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Table heading</th>
<th>Table heading</th>
<th>Table heading</th>
<th>Table heading</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Table cell</td>
<td>Table cell</td>
<td>Table cell</td>
<td>Table cell</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Table cell</td>
<td>Table cell</td>
<td>Table cell</td>
<td>Table cell</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Table cell</td>
<td>Table cell</td>
<td>Table cell</td>
<td>Table cell</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
## Forms
Various form elements have been rebooted for simpler base styles. Here are some of the most notable changes:
- `<fieldset>`s have no borders, padding, or margin so they can be easily used as wrappers for individual inputs or groups of inputs.
- `<legend>`s, like fieldsets, have also been restyled to be displayed as a heading of sorts.
- `<label>`s are set to `display: inline-block` to allow `margin` to be applied.
- `<input>`s, `<select>`s, `<textarea>`s, and `<button>`s are mostly addressed by Normalize, but Reboot removes their `margin` and sets `line-height: inherit`, too.
- `<textarea>`s are modified to only be resizable vertically as horizontal resizing often "breaks" page layout.
- `<button>`s and `<input>` button elements have `cursor: pointer` when `:not(:disabled)`.
These changes, and more, are demonstrated below.
<form class="bd-example">
<fieldset>
<legend>Example legend</legend>
<p>
<label for="input">Example input</label>
<input type="text" id="input" placeholder="Example input">
</p>
<p>
<label for="select">Example select</label>
<select id="select">
<option value="">Choose...</option>
<optgroup label="Option group 1">
<option value="">Option 1</option>
<option value="">Option 2</option>
<option value="">Option 3</option>
</optgroup>
<optgroup label="Option group 2">
<option value="">Option 4</option>
<option value="">Option 5</option>
<option value="">Option 6</option>
</optgroup>
</select>
</p>
<p>
<label>
<input type="checkbox" value="">
Check this checkbox
</label>
</p>
<p>
<label>
<input type="radio" name="optionsRadios" id="optionsRadios1" value="option1" checked>
Option one is this and that
</label>
<label>
<input type="radio" name="optionsRadios" id="optionsRadios2" value="option2">
Option two is something else that's also super long to demonstrate the wrapping of these fancy form controls.
</label>
<label>
<input type="radio" name="optionsRadios" id="optionsRadios3" value="option3" disabled>
Option three is disabled
</label>
</p>
<p>
<label for="textarea">Example textarea</label>
<textarea id="textarea" rows="3"></textarea>
</p>
<p>
<label for="date">Example date</label>
<input type="date" id="date">
</p>
<p>
<label for="time">Example time</label>
<input type="time" id="time">
</p>
<p>
<label for="output">Example output</label>
<output name="result" id="output">100</output>
</p>
<p>
<button type="submit">Button submit</button>
<input type="submit" value="Input submit button">
<input type="reset" value="Input reset button">
<input type="button" value="Input button">
</p>
<p>
<button type="submit" disabled>Button submit</button>
<input type="submit" value="Input submit button" disabled>
<input type="reset" value="Input reset button" disabled>
<input type="button" value="Input button" disabled>
</p>
</fieldset>
</form>
### Pointers on buttons
Reboot includes an enhancement for `role="button"` to change the default cursor to `pointer`. Add this attribute to elements to help indicate elements are interactive. This role isn't necessary for `<button>` elements, which get their own `cursor` change.
{% capture example %}
<span role="button" tabindex="0">Non-button element button</span>
{% endcapture %}
{% include example.html content=example %}
## Misc elements
### Address
The `<address>` element is updated to reset the browser default `font-style` from `italic` to `normal`. `line-height` is also now inherited, and `margin-bottom: 1rem` has been added. `<address>`s are for presenting contact information for the nearest ancestor (or an entire body of work). Preserve formatting by ending lines with `<br>`.
<div class="bd-example">
<address>
<strong>Twitter, Inc.</strong><br>
1355 Market St, Suite 900<br>
San Francisco, CA 94103<br>
<abbr title="Phone">P:</abbr> (123) 456-7890
</address>
<address>
<strong>Full Name</strong><br>
<a href="mailto:first.last@example.com">first.last@example.com</a>
</address>
</div>
### Blockquote
The default `margin` on blockquotes is `1em 40px`, so we reset that to `0 0 1rem` for something more consistent with other elements.
<div class="bd-example">
<blockquote class="blockquote">
<p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Integer posuere erat a ante.</p>
<footer>Someone famous in <cite title="Source Title">Source Title</cite></footer>
</blockquote>
</div>
### Inline elements
The `<abbr>` element receives basic styling to make it stand out amongst paragraph text.
<div class="bd-example">
Nulla <abbr title="attribute">attr</abbr> vitae elit libero, a pharetra augue.
</div>
### Summary
The default `cursor` on summary is `text`, so we reset that to `pointer` to convey that the element can be interacted with by clicking on it.
<div class="bd-example">
<details>
<summary>Some details</summary>
<p>More info about the details.</p>
</details>
<details open>
<summary>Even more details</summary>
<p>Here are even more details about the details.</p>
</details>
</div>
## HTML5 `[hidden]` attribute
HTML5 adds [a new global attribute named `[hidden]`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Global_attributes/hidden), which is styled as `display: none` by default. Borrowing an idea from [PureCSS](https://purecss.io/), we improve upon this default by making `[hidden] { display: none !important; }` to help prevent its `display` from getting accidentally overridden. While `[hidden]` isn't natively supported by IE10, the explicit declaration in our CSS gets around that problem.
{% highlight html %}
<input type="text" hidden>
{% endhighlight %}
{% capture callout %}
##### jQuery incompatibility
`[hidden]` is not compatible with jQuery's `$(...).hide()` and `$(...).show()` methods. Therefore, we don't currently especially endorse `[hidden]` over other techniques for managing the `display` of elements.
{% endcapture %}
{% include callout.html content=callout type="warning" %}
To merely toggle the visibility of an element, meaning its `display` is not modified and the element can still affect the flow of the document, use [the `.invisible` class]({{ site.baseurl }}/docs/{{ site.docs_version }}/utilities/visibility/) instead.

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---
layout: docs
title: Tables
description: Documentation and examples for opt-in styling of tables (given their prevalent use in JavaScript plugins) with Bootstrap.
group: content
toc: true
---
## Examples
Due to the widespread use of tables across third-party widgets like calendars and date pickers, we've designed our tables to be **opt-in**. Just add the base class `.table` to any `<table>`, then extend with custom styles or our various included modifier classes.
Using the most basic table markup, here's how `.table`-based tables look in Bootstrap. **All table styles are inherited in Bootstrap 4**, meaning any nested tables will be styled in the same manner as the parent.
{% capture example %}
<table class="table">
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">#</th>
<th scope="col">First</th>
<th scope="col">Last</th>
<th scope="col">Handle</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th scope="row">1</th>
<td>Mark</td>
<td>Otto</td>
<td>@mdo</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row">2</th>
<td>Jacob</td>
<td>Thornton</td>
<td>@fat</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row">3</th>
<td>Larry</td>
<td>the Bird</td>
<td>@twitter</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
{% endcapture %}
{% include example.html content=example %}
You can also invert the colors—with light text on dark backgrounds—with `.table-dark`.
{% capture example %}
<table class="table table-dark">
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">#</th>
<th scope="col">First</th>
<th scope="col">Last</th>
<th scope="col">Handle</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th scope="row">1</th>
<td>Mark</td>
<td>Otto</td>
<td>@mdo</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row">2</th>
<td>Jacob</td>
<td>Thornton</td>
<td>@fat</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row">3</th>
<td>Larry</td>
<td>the Bird</td>
<td>@twitter</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
{% endcapture %}
{% include example.html content=example %}
## Table head options
Similar to tables and dark tables, use the modifier classes `.thead-light` or `.thead-dark` to make `<thead>`s appear light or dark gray.
{% capture example %}
<table class="table">
<thead class="thead-dark">
<tr>
<th scope="col">#</th>
<th scope="col">First</th>
<th scope="col">Last</th>
<th scope="col">Handle</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th scope="row">1</th>
<td>Mark</td>
<td>Otto</td>
<td>@mdo</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row">2</th>
<td>Jacob</td>
<td>Thornton</td>
<td>@fat</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row">3</th>
<td>Larry</td>
<td>the Bird</td>
<td>@twitter</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="table">
<thead class="thead-light">
<tr>
<th scope="col">#</th>
<th scope="col">First</th>
<th scope="col">Last</th>
<th scope="col">Handle</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th scope="row">1</th>
<td>Mark</td>
<td>Otto</td>
<td>@mdo</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row">2</th>
<td>Jacob</td>
<td>Thornton</td>
<td>@fat</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row">3</th>
<td>Larry</td>
<td>the Bird</td>
<td>@twitter</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
{% endcapture %}
{% include example.html content=example %}
## Striped rows
Use `.table-striped` to add zebra-striping to any table row within the `<tbody>`.
{% capture example %}
<table class="table table-striped">
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">#</th>
<th scope="col">First</th>
<th scope="col">Last</th>
<th scope="col">Handle</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th scope="row">1</th>
<td>Mark</td>
<td>Otto</td>
<td>@mdo</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row">2</th>
<td>Jacob</td>
<td>Thornton</td>
<td>@fat</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row">3</th>
<td>Larry</td>
<td>the Bird</td>
<td>@twitter</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
{% endcapture %}
{% include example.html content=example %}
{% capture example %}
<table class="table table-striped table-dark">
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">#</th>
<th scope="col">First</th>
<th scope="col">Last</th>
<th scope="col">Handle</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th scope="row">1</th>
<td>Mark</td>
<td>Otto</td>
<td>@mdo</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row">2</th>
<td>Jacob</td>
<td>Thornton</td>
<td>@fat</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row">3</th>
<td>Larry</td>
<td>the Bird</td>
<td>@twitter</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
{% endcapture %}
{% include example.html content=example %}
## Bordered table
Add `.table-bordered` for borders on all sides of the table and cells.
{% capture example %}
<table class="table table-bordered">
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">#</th>
<th scope="col">First</th>
<th scope="col">Last</th>
<th scope="col">Handle</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th scope="row">1</th>
<td>Mark</td>
<td>Otto</td>
<td>@mdo</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row">2</th>
<td>Jacob</td>
<td>Thornton</td>
<td>@fat</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row">3</th>
<td colspan="2">Larry the Bird</td>
<td>@twitter</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
{% endcapture %}
{% include example.html content=example %}
{% capture example %}
<table class="table table-bordered table-dark">
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">#</th>
<th scope="col">First</th>
<th scope="col">Last</th>
<th scope="col">Handle</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th scope="row">1</th>
<td>Mark</td>
<td>Otto</td>
<td>@mdo</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row">2</th>
<td>Jacob</td>
<td>Thornton</td>
<td>@fat</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row">3</th>
<td colspan="2">Larry the Bird</td>
<td>@twitter</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
{% endcapture %}
{% include example.html content=example %}
## Borderless table
Add `.table-borderless` for a table without borders.
{% capture example %}
<table class="table table-borderless">
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">#</th>
<th scope="col">First</th>
<th scope="col">Last</th>
<th scope="col">Handle</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th scope="row">1</th>
<td>Mark</td>
<td>Otto</td>
<td>@mdo</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row">2</th>
<td>Jacob</td>
<td>Thornton</td>
<td>@fat</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row">3</th>
<td colspan="2">Larry the Bird</td>
<td>@twitter</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
{% endcapture %}
{% include example.html content=example %}
`.table-borderless` can also be used on dark tables.
{% capture example %}
<table class="table table-borderless table-dark">
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">#</th>
<th scope="col">First</th>
<th scope="col">Last</th>
<th scope="col">Handle</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th scope="row">1</th>
<td>Mark</td>
<td>Otto</td>
<td>@mdo</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row">2</th>
<td>Jacob</td>
<td>Thornton</td>
<td>@fat</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row">3</th>
<td colspan="2">Larry the Bird</td>
<td>@twitter</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
{% endcapture %}
{% include example.html content=example %}
## Hoverable rows
Add `.table-hover` to enable a hover state on table rows within a `<tbody>`.
{% capture example %}
<table class="table table-hover">
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">#</th>
<th scope="col">First</th>
<th scope="col">Last</th>
<th scope="col">Handle</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th scope="row">1</th>
<td>Mark</td>
<td>Otto</td>
<td>@mdo</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row">2</th>
<td>Jacob</td>
<td>Thornton</td>
<td>@fat</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row">3</th>
<td colspan="2">Larry the Bird</td>
<td>@twitter</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
{% endcapture %}
{% include example.html content=example %}
{% capture example %}
<table class="table table-hover table-dark">
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">#</th>
<th scope="col">First</th>
<th scope="col">Last</th>
<th scope="col">Handle</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th scope="row">1</th>
<td>Mark</td>
<td>Otto</td>
<td>@mdo</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row">2</th>
<td>Jacob</td>
<td>Thornton</td>
<td>@fat</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row">3</th>
<td colspan="2">Larry the Bird</td>
<td>@twitter</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
{% endcapture %}
{% include example.html content=example %}
## Small table
Add `.table-sm` to make tables more compact by cutting cell padding in half.
{% capture example %}
<table class="table table-sm">
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">#</th>
<th scope="col">First</th>
<th scope="col">Last</th>
<th scope="col">Handle</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th scope="row">1</th>
<td>Mark</td>
<td>Otto</td>
<td>@mdo</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row">2</th>
<td>Jacob</td>
<td>Thornton</td>
<td>@fat</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row">3</th>
<td colspan="2">Larry the Bird</td>
<td>@twitter</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
{% endcapture %}
{% include example.html content=example %}
{% capture example %}
<table class="table table-sm table-dark">
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">#</th>
<th scope="col">First</th>
<th scope="col">Last</th>
<th scope="col">Handle</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th scope="row">1</th>
<td>Mark</td>
<td>Otto</td>
<td>@mdo</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row">2</th>
<td>Jacob</td>
<td>Thornton</td>
<td>@fat</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row">3</th>
<td colspan="2">Larry the Bird</td>
<td>@twitter</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
{% endcapture %}
{% include example.html content=example %}
## Contextual classes
Use contextual classes to color table rows or individual cells.
<div class="bd-example">
<table class="table">
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">Class</th>
<th scope="col">Heading</th>
<th scope="col">Heading</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr class="table-active">
<th scope="row">Active</th>
<td>Cell</td>
<td>Cell</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row">Default</th>
<td>Cell</td>
<td>Cell</td>
</tr>
{% for color in site.data.theme-colors %}
<tr class="table-{{ color.name }}">
<th scope="row">{{ color.name | capitalize }}</th>
<td>Cell</td>
<td>Cell</td>
</tr>{% endfor %}
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
{% highlight html %}
<!-- On rows -->
<tr class="table-active">...</tr>
{% for color in site.data.theme-colors %}
<tr class="table-{{ color.name }}">...</tr>{% endfor %}
<!-- On cells (`td` or `th`) -->
<tr>
<td class="table-active">...</td>
{% for color in site.data.theme-colors %}
<td class="table-{{ color.name }}">...</td>{% endfor %}
</tr>
{% endhighlight %}
Regular table background variants are not available with the dark table, however, you may use [text or background utilities]({{ site.baseurl }}/docs/{{ site.docs_version }}/utilities/colors/) to achieve similar styles.
<div class="bd-example">
<table class="table table-dark">
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">#</th>
<th scope="col">Heading</th>
<th scope="col">Heading</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr class="bg-primary">
<th scope="row">1</th>
<td>Cell</td>
<td>Cell</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row">2</th>
<td>Cell</td>
<td>Cell</td>
</tr>
<tr class="bg-success">
<th scope="row">3</th>
<td>Cell</td>
<td>Cell</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row">4</th>
<td>Cell</td>
<td>Cell</td>
</tr>
<tr class="bg-info">
<th scope="row">5</th>
<td>Cell</td>
<td>Cell</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row">6</th>
<td>Cell</td>
<td>Cell</td>
</tr>
<tr class="bg-warning">
<th scope="row">7</th>
<td>Cell</td>
<td>Cell</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row">8</th>
<td>Cell</td>
<td>Cell</td>
</tr>
<tr class="bg-danger">
<th scope="row">9</th>
<td>Cell</td>
<td>Cell</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
{% highlight html %}
<!-- On rows -->
<tr class="bg-primary">...</tr>
<tr class="bg-success">...</tr>
<tr class="bg-warning">...</tr>
<tr class="bg-danger">...</tr>
<tr class="bg-info">...</tr>
<!-- On cells (`td` or `th`) -->
<tr>
<td class="bg-primary">...</td>
<td class="bg-success">...</td>
<td class="bg-warning">...</td>
<td class="bg-danger">...</td>
<td class="bg-info">...</td>
</tr>
{% endhighlight %}
{% include callout-warning-color-assistive-technologies.md %}
Create responsive tables by wrapping any `.table` with `.table-responsive{-sm|-md|-lg|-xl}`, making the table scroll horizontally at each `max-width` breakpoint of up to (but not including) 576px, 768px, 992px, and 1120px, respectively.
{% include callout-info-mediaqueries-breakpoints.md %}
## Captions
A `<caption>` functions like a heading for a table. It helps users with screen readers to find a table and understand what it's about and decide if they want to read it.
{% capture example %}
<table class="table">
<caption>List of users</caption>
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">#</th>
<th scope="col">First</th>
<th scope="col">Last</th>
<th scope="col">Handle</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th scope="row">1</th>
<td>Mark</td>
<td>Otto</td>
<td>@mdo</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row">2</th>
<td>Jacob</td>
<td>Thornton</td>
<td>@fat</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row">3</th>
<td>Larry</td>
<td>the Bird</td>
<td>@twitter</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
{% endcapture %}
{% include example.html content=example %}
## Responsive tables
Responsive tables allow tables to be scrolled horizontally with ease. Make any table responsive across all viewports by wrapping a `.table` with `.table-responsive`. Or, pick a maximum breakpoint with which to have a responsive table up to by using `.table-responsive{-sm|-md|-lg|-xl}`.
{% capture callout %}
##### Vertical clipping/truncation
Responsive tables make use of `overflow-y: hidden`, which clips off any content that goes beyond the bottom or top edges of the table. In particular, this can clip off dropdown menus and other third-party widgets.
{% endcapture %}
{% include callout.html content=callout type="warning" %}
### Always responsive
Across every breakpoint, use `.table-responsive` for horizontally scrolling tables.
<div class="bd-example">
<div class="table-responsive">
<table class="table">
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">#</th>
<th scope="col">Heading</th>
<th scope="col">Heading</th>
<th scope="col">Heading</th>
<th scope="col">Heading</th>
<th scope="col">Heading</th>
<th scope="col">Heading</th>
<th scope="col">Heading</th>
<th scope="col">Heading</th>
<th scope="col">Heading</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th scope="row">1</th>
<td>Cell</td>
<td>Cell</td>
<td>Cell</td>
<td>Cell</td>
<td>Cell</td>
<td>Cell</td>
<td>Cell</td>
<td>Cell</td>
<td>Cell</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row">2</th>
<td>Cell</td>
<td>Cell</td>
<td>Cell</td>
<td>Cell</td>
<td>Cell</td>
<td>Cell</td>
<td>Cell</td>
<td>Cell</td>
<td>Cell</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row">3</th>
<td>Cell</td>
<td>Cell</td>
<td>Cell</td>
<td>Cell</td>
<td>Cell</td>
<td>Cell</td>
<td>Cell</td>
<td>Cell</td>
<td>Cell</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
{% highlight html %}
<div class="table-responsive">
<table class="table">
...
</table>
</div>
{% endhighlight %}
### Breakpoint specific
Use `.table-responsive{-sm|-md|-lg|-xl}` as needed to create responsive tables up to a particular breakpoint. From that breakpoint and up, the table will behave normally and not scroll horizontally.
**These tables may appear broken until their responsive styles apply at specific viewport widths.**
{% for bp in site.data.breakpoints %}{% unless bp.breakpoint == "xs" %}
<div class="bd-example">
<div class="table-responsive{{ bp.abbr }}">
<table class="table">
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">#</th>
<th scope="col">Heading</th>
<th scope="col">Heading</th>
<th scope="col">Heading</th>
<th scope="col">Heading</th>
<th scope="col">Heading</th>
<th scope="col">Heading</th>
<th scope="col">Heading</th>
<th scope="col">Heading</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th scope="row">1</th>
<td>Cell</td>
<td>Cell</td>
<td>Cell</td>
<td>Cell</td>
<td>Cell</td>
<td>Cell</td>
<td>Cell</td>
<td>Cell</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row">2</th>
<td>Cell</td>
<td>Cell</td>
<td>Cell</td>
<td>Cell</td>
<td>Cell</td>
<td>Cell</td>
<td>Cell</td>
<td>Cell</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row">3</th>
<td>Cell</td>
<td>Cell</td>
<td>Cell</td>
<td>Cell</td>
<td>Cell</td>
<td>Cell</td>
<td>Cell</td>
<td>Cell</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
{% highlight html %}
<div class="table-responsive{{ bp.abbr }}">
<table class="table">
...
</table>
</div>
{% endhighlight %}
{% endunless %}{% endfor %}

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@ -0,0 +1,301 @@
---
layout: docs
title: Typography
description: Documentation and examples for Bootstrap typography, including global settings, headings, body text, lists, and more.
group: content
toc: true
---
## Global settings
Bootstrap sets basic global display, typography, and link styles. When more control is needed, check out the [textual utility classes]({{ site.baseurl }}/docs/{{ site.docs_version }}/utilities/text/).
- Use a [native font stack]({{ site.baseurl }}/docs/{{ site.docs_version }}/content/reboot/#native-font-stack) that selects the best `font-family` for each OS and device.
- For a more inclusive and accessible type scale, we assume the browser default root `font-size` (typically 16px) so visitors can customize their browser defaults as needed.
- Use the `$font-family-base`, `$font-size-base`, and `$line-height-base` attributes as our typographic base applied to the `<body>`.
- Set the global link color via `$link-color` and apply link underlines only on `:hover`.
- Use `$body-bg` to set a `background-color` on the `<body>` (`#fff` by default).
These styles can be found within `_reboot.scss`, and the global variables are defined in `_variables.scss`. Make sure to set `$font-size-base` in `rem`.
## Headings
All HTML headings, `<h1>` through `<h6>`, are available.
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Heading</th>
<th>Example</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>
{{ "`<h1></h1>`" | markdownify }}
</td>
<td><span class="h1">h1. Bootstrap heading</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
{{ "`<h2></h2>`" | markdownify }}
</td>
<td><span class="h2">h2. Bootstrap heading</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
{{ "`<h3></h3>`" | markdownify }}
</td>
<td><span class="h3">h3. Bootstrap heading</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
{{ "`<h4></h4>`" | markdownify }}
</td>
<td><span class="h4">h4. Bootstrap heading</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
{{ "`<h5></h5>`" | markdownify }}
</td>
<td><span class="h5">h5. Bootstrap heading</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
{{ "`<h6></h6>`" | markdownify }}
</td>
<td><span class="h6">h6. Bootstrap heading</span></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
{% highlight html %}
<h1>h1. Bootstrap heading</h1>
<h2>h2. Bootstrap heading</h2>
<h3>h3. Bootstrap heading</h3>
<h4>h4. Bootstrap heading</h4>
<h5>h5. Bootstrap heading</h5>
<h6>h6. Bootstrap heading</h6>
{% endhighlight %}
`.h1` through `.h6` classes are also available, for when you want to match the font styling of a heading but cannot use the associated HTML element.
{% capture example %}
<p class="h1">h1. Bootstrap heading</p>
<p class="h2">h2. Bootstrap heading</p>
<p class="h3">h3. Bootstrap heading</p>
<p class="h4">h4. Bootstrap heading</p>
<p class="h5">h5. Bootstrap heading</p>
<p class="h6">h6. Bootstrap heading</p>
{% endcapture %}
{% include example.html content=example %}
### Customizing headings
Use the included utility classes to recreate the small secondary heading text from Bootstrap 3.
{% capture example %}
<h3>
Fancy display heading
<small class="text-muted">With faded secondary text</small>
</h3>
{% endcapture %}
{% include example.html content=example %}
## Display headings
Traditional heading elements are designed to work best in the meat of your page content. When you need a heading to stand out, consider using a **display heading**—a larger, slightly more opinionated heading style. Keep in mind these headings are not responsive by default, but it's possible to enable [responsive font sizes](#responsive-font-sizes).
<div class="bd-example bd-example-type">
<table class="table">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><span class="display-1">Display 1</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><span class="display-2">Display 2</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><span class="display-3">Display 3</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><span class="display-4">Display 4</span></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
{% highlight html %}
<h1 class="display-1">Display 1</h1>
<h1 class="display-2">Display 2</h1>
<h1 class="display-3">Display 3</h1>
<h1 class="display-4">Display 4</h1>
{% endhighlight %}
## Lead
Make a paragraph stand out by adding `.lead`.
{% capture example %}
<p class="lead">
Vivamus sagittis lacus vel augue laoreet rutrum faucibus dolor auctor. Duis mollis, est non commodo luctus.
</p>
{% endcapture %}
{% include example.html content=example %}
## Inline text elements
Styling for common inline HTML5 elements.
{% capture example %}
<p>You can use the mark tag to <mark>highlight</mark> text.</p>
<p><del>This line of text is meant to be treated as deleted text.</del></p>
<p><s>This line of text is meant to be treated as no longer accurate.</s></p>
<p><ins>This line of text is meant to be treated as an addition to the document.</ins></p>
<p><u>This line of text will render as underlined</u></p>
<p><small>This line of text is meant to be treated as fine print.</small></p>
<p><strong>This line rendered as bold text.</strong></p>
<p><em>This line rendered as italicized text.</em></p>
{% endcapture %}
{% include example.html content=example %}
`.mark` and `.small` classes are also available to apply the same styles as `<mark>` and `<small>` while avoiding any unwanted semantic implications that the tags would bring.
While not shown above, feel free to use `<b>` and `<i>` in HTML5. `<b>` is meant to highlight words or phrases without conveying additional importance while `<i>` is mostly for voice, technical terms, etc.
## Text utilities
Change text alignment, transform, style, weight, and color with our [text utilities]({{ site.baseurl }}/docs/{{ site.docs_version }}/utilities/text/) and [color utilities]({{ site.baseurl }}/docs/{{ site.docs_version }}/utilities/colors/).
## Abbreviations
Stylized implementation of HTML's `<abbr>` element for abbreviations and acronyms to show the expanded version on hover. Abbreviations have a default underline and gain a help cursor to provide additional context on hover and to users of assistive technologies.
Add `.initialism` to an abbreviation for a slightly smaller font-size.
{% capture example %}
<p><abbr title="attribute">attr</abbr></p>
<p><abbr title="HyperText Markup Language" class="initialism">HTML</abbr></p>
{% endcapture %}
{% include example.html content=example %}
## Blockquotes
For quoting blocks of content from another source within your document. Wrap `<blockquote class="blockquote">` around any <abbr title="HyperText Markup Language">HTML</abbr> as the quote.
{% capture example %}
<blockquote class="blockquote">
<p class="mb-0">Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Integer posuere erat a ante.</p>
</blockquote>
{% endcapture %}
{% include example.html content=example %}
### Naming a source
Add a `<footer class="blockquote-footer">` for identifying the source. Wrap the name of the source work in `<cite>`.
{% capture example %}
<blockquote class="blockquote">
<p class="mb-0">Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Integer posuere erat a ante.</p>
<footer class="blockquote-footer">Someone famous in <cite title="Source Title">Source Title</cite></footer>
</blockquote>
{% endcapture %}
{% include example.html content=example %}
### Alignment
Use text utilities as needed to change the alignment of your blockquote.
{% capture example %}
<blockquote class="blockquote text-center">
<p class="mb-0">Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Integer posuere erat a ante.</p>
<footer class="blockquote-footer">Someone famous in <cite title="Source Title">Source Title</cite></footer>
</blockquote>
{% endcapture %}
{% include example.html content=example %}
{% capture example %}
<blockquote class="blockquote text-right">
<p class="mb-0">Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Integer posuere erat a ante.</p>
<footer class="blockquote-footer">Someone famous in <cite title="Source Title">Source Title</cite></footer>
</blockquote>
{% endcapture %}
{% include example.html content=example %}
## Lists
### Unstyled
Remove the default `list-style` and left margin on list items (immediate children only). **This only applies to immediate children list items**, meaning you will need to add the class for any nested lists as well.
{% capture example %}
<ul class="list-unstyled">
<li>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet</li>
<li>Consectetur adipiscing elit</li>
<li>Integer molestie lorem at massa</li>
<li>Facilisis in pretium nisl aliquet</li>
<li>Nulla volutpat aliquam velit
<ul>
<li>Phasellus iaculis neque</li>
<li>Purus sodales ultricies</li>
<li>Vestibulum laoreet porttitor sem</li>
<li>Ac tristique libero volutpat at</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Faucibus porta lacus fringilla vel</li>
<li>Aenean sit amet erat nunc</li>
<li>Eget porttitor lorem</li>
</ul>
{% endcapture %}
{% include example.html content=example %}
### Inline
Remove a list's bullets and apply some light `margin` with a combination of two classes, `.list-inline` and `.list-inline-item`.
{% capture example %}
<ul class="list-inline">
<li class="list-inline-item">Lorem ipsum</li>
<li class="list-inline-item">Phasellus iaculis</li>
<li class="list-inline-item">Nulla volutpat</li>
</ul>
{% endcapture %}
{% include example.html content=example %}
### Description list alignment
Align terms and descriptions horizontally by using our grid system's predefined classes (or semantic mixins). For longer terms, you can optionally add a `.text-truncate` class to truncate the text with an ellipsis.
{% capture example %}
<dl class="row">
<dt class="col-sm-3">Description lists</dt>
<dd class="col-sm-9">A description list is perfect for defining terms.</dd>
<dt class="col-sm-3">Euismod</dt>
<dd class="col-sm-9">
<p>Vestibulum id ligula porta felis euismod semper eget lacinia odio sem nec elit.</p>
<p>Donec id elit non mi porta gravida at eget metus.</p>
</dd>
<dt class="col-sm-3">Malesuada porta</dt>
<dd class="col-sm-9">Etiam porta sem malesuada magna mollis euismod.</dd>
<dt class="col-sm-3 text-truncate">Truncated term is truncated</dt>
<dd class="col-sm-9">Fusce dapibus, tellus ac cursus commodo, tortor mauris condimentum nibh, ut fermentum massa justo sit amet risus.</dd>
<dt class="col-sm-3">Nesting</dt>
<dd class="col-sm-9">
<dl class="row">
<dt class="col-sm-4">Nested definition list</dt>
<dd class="col-sm-8">Aenean posuere, tortor sed cursus feugiat, nunc augue blandit nunc.</dd>
</dl>
</dd>
</dl>
{% endcapture %}
{% include example.html content=example %}
## Responsive font sizes
Bootstrap v4.3 ships with the option to enable responsive font sizes, allowing text to scale more naturally across device and viewport sizes. <abbr title="Responsive font sizes">RFS</abbr> can be enabled by changing the `$enable-responsive-font-sizes` Sass variable to `true` and recompiling Bootstrap.
To support <abbr title="Responsive font sizes">RFS</abbr>, we use a Sass mixin to replace our normal `font-size` properties. Responsive font sizes will be compiled into `calc()` functions with a mix of `rem` and viewport units to enable the responsive scaling behavior. More about <abbr title="Responsive font sizes">RFS</abbr> and its configuration can be found on its [GitHub repository](https://github.com/twbs/rfs/tree/v8.0.4).